Reversible hydraulic pump



Patented Dec. 5,1944

UNITED STATES PATENT oFFlcE y ruin Y I Application September No. 459,229

'l Claims.

My present invention relates to a reversing mechanism for a pump of the type generally known as VikingV One object of the invention is to providev a simple and inexpensive means for reversing the action of such a pump without interferingwith the operation thereof whereby the pump may be reversed while being driven at its usual speed.

Another object is to provide reversing mechanism in the form of a rotatable supporting` means for thecrescent-shaped barrier and idler stud of the pump whereby the entering and trailing edges of the barrier may be adjusted for communication with the desired inlet and outlet openings of the pump housing or both arranged in communication with one of them to stop the pumping action while' the pump continues to operate.

Still another object is to provide a simple power driven means for moving the adjusting means to any desired position by permitting the fluid resistance in 'the pump togcarry the supporting means for the barrier and stud in the direction of rotation, holding -pawls being associated .with a notched disk to lock the adjusting means at such position.

With these and other objects in view, my invention consists in the construction, arrangement and combination of the various parts of my del vice whereby the objects contemplated are attained, as hereinafter more fully set forth, pointed out in my claims and illustrated in the accompanying drawing, wherein:

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view through a Viking type pump which has been modified to include my invention;d

Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view on the line 2-2 of Figure l; l

R are designated I5, and these teeth are formed on a rotating disk I6. The disk I6 is secured to an operating shaft I1 passing through a bearing yI8 of the casing l0. The idler I is rotatable on a stud I9 and has teeth 20. The teeth I5 and 20 mesh with eachother, as shown inFigure 1, theV mesh being full at the upper left side of Figure l, but the teeth unmeshing on the lower right side because of the eccentric mounting of the idler relative to the rotor. Between the idler andthe rotor a barrierv B is provided, the barrier being crescent-shaped and fitting the inner ends of the teeth i5 and the outer ends of the teeth 20.

The foregoing Construction is the usual arrangement in a Viking pump, and forms no part of my present invention.

In action, the barrier B may be considered as having an entering edge E and a trailing edge T,

so that, upon the shaft being driven and rotating l therotor R in a clockwise direction, as indicated by the arrow CW in Figure 1, oil or otherfluid being pumped is taken in from the o-pening I4 and discharged from the opening I 3. Unnumbered arrows indicate the path of the oil which'- enters the spaces between the teeth l5 and 20 adjacent the entering edge E4 of the barrier B, and these spaces form chambers sealed oil. by the barrier for carrying the oil toward the tra' -ing edge T of the barrier. Adjacent the trailing y edge, where the teeth l5 and 2li commence meshing again, they squeeze the oil out so that it is discharged from the opening lli.A

My invention contemplates a reversing mechanism which includes a rotatable supporting disk Figures 3 and 4 are'diagrammatic views show- 4 2i on which the barrier B and the stud i9 are formed or mounted.. This disk is rotatable in the housing i4 between a cover plate 22 for the housing and the rotor R and idler I. The cover plate may be suitably gasketed and -held in position as by cap screws 23. The cover plate 22 has a bearing 24- through which a shank 25 o f the 4disk I9 rotatably extends.

' to its outer end, asy by a' key 26, a notched disk On the accompanying drawing I have used the reference numeral Ill to indicate a pump housing. The housing l0 is provided with feed I2 for anchorage purposes. The housing I0 is provided with a pair of openings I3 land i4, either of which may be inlet and the other outlet, as will hereinafter appear. y

Within the-housing I0 there is a toothedrotor, indicated generally'at R, and a toothed idler,

`indicated generally at I. The teeth of the rotor 21, the notch thereof being indicated at 28. A

plurality of holding pawls 29, 23a and 29b are pivote'd'to a stationary disk 30 which, in turn, has a hub 3l secured to the bearing 24 as by a key 32. The holding pawls 29, 29a and 291? are biased toward the notched disk 21 by springs 33 interposed between the holding pawls and lugs 34, projecting from the stationarydlsk 30. For controlling the holding pawls each one is provided Awith a projecting pin 35 adapted to contact the periphery of a cam disk 36 or a depression 31 thereof. The cam disk 3B is rotatably mounted,

This shank has secured A as by having a. stud 38 projecting into a socket 39 of the shank 25. An operating shaft 39 extends from the cam disk 36 to any convenient point where an operating handle may be secured thereto and provided with means to hold it positioned in any one of three positions, as will hereinafter appeal.

- Practical operation Considering Figure 1, and the pump rotating clockwise, oil enters the spaces between the teeth of the rotor and idler at the entering edge E of the barrier, and leaves at the trailing edge T thereof. Accordingly, the oil flows from a port Illa communicating with the opening I4 into a port I3a communicating with the opening I3. The opening I4 is accordingly an inlet, and the opening I3 an outlet. With the barrier B rotated 240 degrees to the right, it would assume the position shown in Figure 3, and oil would then flow` from the port I3a toward the entering edge E of the barrier, and leave from the trailing edge 'I'. Accordingly, the ow of oil is reversed sothatdtows from I3n to I4.

In passing rom`thenposition of Figure 1 to the position of Figure 3, theiBo'ldras/,sume a position such as shown in Figure 4, so that both the entering and trailing edges E and T communicate with the port HE. Accordingly, there can be no displacement of oil from the teeth of the rotor and idler which would then be meshing at the half-way point in the port I 4a instead of between the ports I3 and Ida, as in Figure l,

where this point is indicated as 40, or as in Figure 3, where it is indicated as 4I. Therefore, the oil would merely rotate around with the teeth and be displaced into the port I4a as indicated by the arrows 43, and then go back into the teeth from the port |43, as indicated by the arrows 42. In

' this position ofthe parts the pump can continue to operate without any pumping. effect.

By utilizing the arrangement shown inFigures 5 and 6 it is possible to permit the power operating the pump to effect adjustment thereof to either direction, as in Figures 1 and 3, or to the neutral position of Figure 4. For instance, assuming the notched disk 21 in Figure 5 corren sponding to the position of the barrier and stud in Figure 1, if the cam disk 36 is rotated onethird turn clockwise, it will lift the pawl 29 and permit the pawl 29b to drop into the notch 28 as soon as the notch i: brought to the position registering with the pawl 29h. The neutral position of Figure 4 would then be assumed by the supporting disk 2l and its barrier and stud B and I9.

I have provided a simple power means for adjusting the pump to its various positions, and, inasmuch as the resistance of the fluid to motion within the pump is sufficient to exert a turning movement on the disk 2l, its shank 25 and the disk 21, to rotate them slowly. Obviously, however, the Ashank 25 could be extended toa control handle which could be moved manually to any of the three positions and locked in that position.

Some changes may be made in the construction and arrangement of the parts of my device without departing from the real spirit and purpose of my invention, and it is my intention to cover by my claims any modified forms of structure or use of mechanical equivalents which may be reasonably included within their scope without sacrificing any of the advantages thereof.

I claim as my invention:

1. A reversible hydraulic pump comprising a casing having a pair of openings, a toothed rotor, a rotatable shaft for supporting said rotor, a toothed idler meshing therewith and in eccentric relation thereto, a barrier between the teeth of said rotor and idler, said rotor, idler and barrier being mounted within the casing, a supporting disk rotatable in said casing and carrying said barrier, a stud on which said idler rotates, said stud being carried by said supporting disk, and means for rotating said supporting disk for either end of said barrier to communicate with one of said openings and the otherend thereof to communicate with the other opening, said means comprising a notched disk connected with said supporting disk, a plurality of holding pawls therefor pivoted to said casing and biased toward the notched disk, and an adjusting cam operable to permit a predetermined one of said holding pawls to drop into the notch of said notched disk.

2. In a pump of the type having a casing prof vided with a pair of openings, a toothed rotor, a

rotatable shaft for supporting said rotor, a

toothed/idlergmeshing therewith and in eccentric relation theretofandra'barriergbetween the teeth of said rotor and idler, said rotor, idler and barrier being mounted within said casing; a supporting disk rotatable in said casing and carrying said barrier and a stud on which said idler rotates, and means for rotating said supporting disk for either end of said barrier to communicate with one of said openings and the other end thereof to communicate with the other opening for iiow of pumped fluid through the housing and said openings in either direction, said means for rotating said supporting disk comprising a notchedldisk'connected with said supporting disk, a plurality of holding pawls therefor pivoted to said casing and biased toward the notched disk, and means to permit a predetermined one of said holding pawls to drop into the notch of said notched disk while retaining the other pawls raised.

3. In a hydraulic device of the type having a casing with a pair o f openings, a shaft rotatable in said casing, a toothed rotor carried by said shaft, a toothed idler meshing therewith and in eccentric relation thereto, and a barrier between the teeth of said rotor and idler, said rotor, idler and barrier being mounted within the casing; a supporting disk rotatable in said casing and carrying said barrier and a stud on which said idler rotates, and means for rotating said supporting disk for either end of said barrier to communicate with one of said openings and the other end thereof to communicatelwith the other opening, said means comprising a second disk connected with said supporting disk, a plurality of holding pawls therefor pivoted to said casing and means for engaging a predetermined one of said holdingr pawls with a predetermined point of said l second disk.

a toothedidler meshing with said rotor and in eccentric relation thereto, and a barrier between the teeth of said rotor and idler; a supporting ldisk rotatable in said casing and carrying said barrier and a stud on which said idler rotates, and means for rotating said supporting disk comprising a notched disk connected therewith. a

plurality of holding pawls for said `notched disk pivoted to said casing and biased toward the notched disk, and means operable to permit a predetermined one of said holding pawls to drop into the notch 'of said notched disk.

5. In a reversible hydraulic pump of the type having a casingprovided with a pair of openings a shaft journaled in' said casing, a toothed rotor supported by said shaft, a toothed idler meshing therewith and in eccentric relation thereto, and a barrier between the teeth of said rotor and idler, said rotor, idler and barrier being mounted within the casing; a supporting disk rotatable in said casing and carrying said barrier and a stud on which said idler rotates, and means for rotating said supporting disk for either end of said barrier to communicate with one of said openings and the other end thereof to communicate with the other opening for flow of pumped fluid through the housing and said openings in eitherdirection or to position both ends of the barrier in communication with one of said openings to prevent fluid from being pumped while permitting the pump to continue in operation, said means for rotating said supporting disk comprising a notched disk connected therewith, a plurality of holding pawls therefor pivoted to said casing, and an adjusting means` operable to engage a predetermined one of said holding pawls with the notch of said notched disk while retaining the remaining pawls disengaged therefrom.

6. In a reversible hydraulic pump ofthe type having a casing provided with a pair of openings, a shaft journaled'in said casing, a toothed rotor supported by said shaft, a toothed idler meshing therewith and in eccentric relation thereto, and a I barrier between the Ateeth of said rotor and idler, said rotor. idler and barrier being mounted within the casing; a supporting disk rotatable in said casingand carrying said barrier and a stud on which said idler rotates, and means for rotating said supporting disk for either end of said barrier to communicate with one of said openings and the other end thereof to communicate with the other opening for How of pumped fluid through the housing and said openings in either direction or to position both ends of the barrier' in communication with one of said openings to prevent iiuidv from' being pumped while permitting the pump to continue in operation, said means for rotating said supporting disk comprising a notched disk connected therewith and rotatable by fluid resistance in the pump, three holding pawls for said notched disk pivotedto said casing andmeans for engaging the notch of said supporting disk with any one of said holding pawls.

'1. In a reversiblehydraulic pump of the type having a casing provided with a pair of openings, a toothed rotor, a rotatable shaft for supporting said toothed rotor, a toothed idler meshing therewith and in eccentric relation thereto, and a barrier between the teeth of said rotor and idler,

`said rotor, idler and barrier being mounted within the casing; a supporting disk rotatable in said casing and carrying said barrier and a stud on which said idler rotates, and means for rotating' said supporting disk for either end of said barrier to communicate withone of said openings and the other end thereof to communicate with the other opening for iiow oi?l pumped fluid through the housing and said openings in either direction or to position both ends .of the vbarrier in comy munication with one of'said openings to prevent fluid from being pumped while lpermitting the pump to continue in operation. said means for rotating said supporting disk comprising a disk connected therewith and rotatable by uid resistance in the pump, said disk having a single notch,.and three means carried by said casing for selectively engaging said notch at any one of three different positions by releasing the means that is in engagement with the notch, said three means being biased to notch engaging position whereby the next successive means engages the notch when said means that is in engagement withthe notch is disengaged therefrom.'

DONALD J. ORR. 

